Hemisferium Cardan or Marine CompassThe Cardan or Marine Compass is a nautical instrument whose use was fundamental in the development of navigation and cartography. New types of compasses were devised because the rock and pitch of a vessel make ordinary compasses useless. Ship compasses were mounted in a Cardan suspension, which allowed them to remain constantly level. The compass went through few modifications until the 19th century, when scientists, engineers and navigators made